Difference between revisions of "Template:Timeline History of Computing"

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{{#tag:timeline|
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<timeline>
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Preset    = TimeHorizontal_AutoPlaceBars_UnitYear
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# All measures are in pixels
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ImageSize = width:1406 barincrement:17
 
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PlotArea  = left:15 right:20 bottom:30
 
  
−
Colors    =
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ImageSize  = width:160 height:550
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  id:canvas  value:rgb(0.97,0.97,0.97)
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PlotArea   = left:50 right:0 bottom:10 top:10
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   id:grid1  value:gray(0.7)
 
−
  id:grid2  value:gray(0.88)
 
−
  id:black  value:rgb(0,0,0)
 
−
  id:section value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0)
 
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  id:mark1  value:rgb(0.7,0,0)
 
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  id:years  value:gray(0.5)
 
−
 
 
−
BackgroundColors = canvas:canvas
 
−
 
 
−
Period    = from:1940 till:{{CURRENTYEAR}}
 
−
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:1940 gridcolor:grid1
 
−
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1940 gridcolor:grid2
 
 
AlignBars  = justify
 
AlignBars  = justify
  
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BarData=
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DateFormat = yyyy
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Period    = from:1919 till:1991
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  bar:title
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TimeAxis  = orientation:vertical
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# bar:periods
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ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1920
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  bar:dummy0 # empty bar functions as separator
 
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  bar:section1
 
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  barset:quotes
 
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  bar:dummy1
 
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  bar:section2
 
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  barset:open_problems
 
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  bar:dummy2
 
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  bar:section3
 
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  barset:first_use
 
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  bar:dummy3
 
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  bar:section4
 
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  barset:hardware_systems
 
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  bar:dummy4
 
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  bar:section5
 
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  barset:operating_systems
 
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  bar:dummy5
 
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  bar:section6
 
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  barset:sys_dev_software
 
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  bar:dummy6
 
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  bar:section7
 
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  barset:applications
 
−
  bar:dummy7
 
−
 
 
−
# explanation: attribute 'barset' instead of 'bar' means consecutive data lines are automatically placed on new bar
 
−
#              data lines are lines containing at: or from: & till: attributes
 
−
#              'barset:break' means 'reset barcounter' = next line will be placed at first bar in barset
 
−
#              'barset:skip'  means 'increment barcounter' = skip one bar for next data line (to allow extra space
 
−
#                                                                            for text containing line break = ~)
 
−
 
 
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PlotData =
 
−
 
 
−
  mark:(line,black)
 
−
  width:16
 
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  fontsize:S
 
−
 
 
−
# bar:periods
 
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# from:1964 till:1972 text:"3rd Generation" width:16"
 
−
 
 
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# at:1975 text"[[Microsoft]] founded"
 
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# at:1976 text"[[Apple Computer]] founded"
 
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# at:1983 text"[[Borland]] founded"
 
−
 
 
−
 
 
−
  fontsize:M
 
−
  width:16
 
−
  color:section
 
−
  mark:(line,section)
 
−
  shift:(5,-6)
 
−
 
 
−
  bar:title    from:start till:end text:"History of Computing" fontsize:XL anchor:middle align:center width:25 color:canvas mark:(line,canvas)
 
−
  bar:section1 from:start till:end text:"Predictions and concepts"
 
−
  bar:section2 from:start till:end text:"Open problems/(Competitions)"
 
−
  bar:section3 from:start till:end text:"First use/(Inventions)"
 
−
  bar:section4 from:start till:end text:"Hardware Systems/(Processors)"
 
−
  bar:section5 from:start till:end text:"Operating Systems"
 
−
  bar:section6 from:start till:end text:"Programming Languages"
 
−
  bar:section7 from:start till:end text:"New Application Areas"
 
−
 
 
−
  shift:(5,-5)
 
−
  fontsize:M
 
−
  mark:(line,mark1)
 
−
 
 
−
# quotations and predictions
 
−
 
 
−
  width:8
 
−
  barset:quotes
 
−
  at:1949 text:"'Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons.' —Popular Mechanics"
 
−
  at:1950 text:"'We'll have to think up bigger problems if we want to keep them busy.' —Howard Aiken"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[Moore's law]]: processor complexity will double every year - revised in 1975: complexity will double every two years. —Gordon E. Moore"
 
−
  at:1968 text:"No computer will be able to beat David Levy at chess in the next 10 years~ - [[David Levy (chess player)|David Levy]]"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[Relational database]] —Edgar Codd"
 
−
  at:1970 text:"'In from three to eight years we will have a machine with the general intelligence of an average human being.' —Marvin Minksy"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"'There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home.' —Ken Olson, Chairman DEC"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1995 text:"'The Internet will suffer a catastrophic collapse~  sometime during 1996.' —Bob Metcalfe, Ethernet inventor"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
 
 
−
# open problems / (competitions)
 
−
 
 
−
  barset:open_problems
 
−
  at:1950 text:"[[Turing Test]] —Alan Turing"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1970 text:"([[North American Computer Chess Championship]])"
 
−
  at:1971 text:"[[P versus NP problem]]"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[Quantum Computer]] —Richard Feynmann"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1989 text:"([[International Olympiad in Informatics]])"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"(TPC-C)"
 
−
  at:1996 text:"([[CADE ATP System Competition]])"
 
−
  at:1998 text:"([[ICFP Programming Contest]])"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"([[TopCoder]])"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2003 text:"([[Google Code Jam]])"
 
−
  at:2005 text:"([[POPLmark Challenge]])"
 
−
 
 
−
# first use / (inventions)
 
−
 
 
−
  fontsize:M
 
−
  barset:first_use
 
−
  shift:(5,-5)
 
−
  at:1940 text:"[[teletype]]"
 
−
  at:1946 text:"[[Williams tube|electrostatic memory]]"
 
−
  at:1947 text:"([[transistor]])"
 
−
  at:1948 text:"[[RAM|random access memory]]"
 
−
  at:1948 text:"[[magnetic drum]]"
 
−
  at:1949 text:"[[index registers|registers]]"
 
−
  at:1953 text:"[[magnetic core memory]]"
 
−
  at:1956 text:"[[hard disk]]"
 
−
  at:1957 text:"[[dot matrix printer]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[integrated circuit]]"
 
−
  at:1959 text:"[[garbage collection (computer science)|garbage collection]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[spooling]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[interrupts]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[virtual memory]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[paging]]"
 
−
  at:1963 text:"[[computer mouse|mouse]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[time-sharing]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[fuzzy logic]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[packet switching]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[ARPANET]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[RS-232]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[dynamic RAM]]"
 
−
  at:1971 text:"[[floppy disk]]"
 
−
  at:1971 text:"[[microprocessor]]~(4004)"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[game console]]~([[Magnavox Odyssey]])"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1973 text:"[[ethernet]]"
 
−
  at:1973 text:"[[touchscreen]]"
 
−
  at:1974 text:"[[TCP/IP]]"
 
−
  at:1975 text:"[[single-board computer]]"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"[[laser printer]]"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"[[supercomputer]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[compact disk]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[VMEbus]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[Industry_standard_architecture|ISA]] bus"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[WIMP]] ([[GUI]])"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[Color Graphics Adapter|CGA]] video card"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[Hayes Smartmodem|Smartmodem]]"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[MIDI]]"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[RISC]] CPU"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"portable PC"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[Multi-touch|Multi-touch technology]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"math~[[coprocessor]]"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1983 text:"PC harddisk"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[Domain Name System|DNS]] (Domain~Name Server)"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[Advanced Technology Attachment|IDE]] interface"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Expanded Memory]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Enhanced Graphics Adapter|EGA]] video card"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[CD ROM]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Parallel ATA|ATA]] interface"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[SCSI]] interface"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Personal digital assistant]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1987 text:"massive parallel computing~([[Connection Machine]])"
 
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  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[VGA]] video card"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[sound card]] for PC (AD-LIB)"
 
−
  at:1988 text:"optical chip"
 
−
  at:1988 text:"[[Extended Industry Standard Architecture|EISA]] bus"
 
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  at:1990 text:"[[SVGA]] video card,~[[VESA]] driver"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1991 text:"[[PCMCIA]]"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"CD-I"
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[Conventional PCI|PCI]] bus"
 
−
  at:1994 text:"[[Smartphone]]"
 
−
  at:1994 text:"[[DNA computing]]"
 
−
  at:1994 text:"[[Beowulf (computing)|Beowulf]] cluster"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[IEEE 1394 interface|Firewire]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[USB]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[DVD-ROM]]"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[Accelerated Graphics Port|AGP]]"
 
−
  at:1998 text:"[[Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line|ADSL]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2001 text:"[[Blade server|Blade servers]]"
 
−
  at:2003 text:"[[Serial ATA]]"
 
−
  at:2004 text:"[[PCI Express]]"
 
−
  at:2004 text:"[[Onion routing]]~([[Tor (anonymity network)|Tor]])"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2009 text:"[[Cryptocurrency]]"
 
−
  at:2009 text:"[[Block chain (database)|Blockchain]]"
 
−
  at:2013 text:"[[Docker (software)|Docker]]"
 
−
 
 
−
# Hardware systems and processors
 
−
 
 
−
  barset:hardware_systems
 
−
  at:1940 text:"Model I~Relay Calculator"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1941 text:"[[Atanasoff–Berry Computer]]"
 
−
  at:1941 text:"[[Z3_(computer)|Z3]]"
 
−
  at:1943 text:"[[Harvard Mark I]]"
 
−
  at:1943 text:"Relay Interpolator"
 
−
  at:1943 text:"[[Colossus_computer|Colossus]]"
 
−
  at:1946 text:"[[ENIAC]]"
 
−
  at:1948 text:"[[IBM SSEC]]"
 
−
  at:1948 text:"[[Small-Scale Experimental Machine|Manchester SSEM]]"
 
−
  at:1949 text:"[[Manchester Mark 1]]"
 
−
  at:1951 text:"[[Ferranti Mark 1]]~first commercial computer"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1951 text:"[[LEO (computer)|LEO I]] - first business computer"
 
−
  at:1951 text:"[[UNIVAC I]]"
 
−
  at:1951 text:"[[Whirlwind (computer)|Whirlwind]]"
 
−
  at:1952 text:"[[UNIVAC 1101]]"
 
−
  at:1952 text:"[[IBM 701]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1953 text:"[[Strela computer|Strela]]"
 
−
  at:1954 text:"[[IBM 650]]"
 
−
  at:1954 text:"[[IBM 704]]"
 
−
  at:1955 text:"[[Harwell CADET]]"
 
−
  at:1956 text:"[[IBM 305 RAMAC]]"
 
−
  at:1957 text:"[[IBM 608]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[UNIVAC II]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[AN/FSQ-7]] - largest~computers ever built"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1959 text:"[[IBM 1401]]"
 
−
  at:1960 text:"[[PDP-1|DEC PDP-1]]"
 
−
  at:1960 text:"[[CDC 1604]]"
 
−
  at:1961 text:"[[IBM 7030 Stretch]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[ATLAS computer|ATLAS]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[ReserVec]]"
 
−
  at:1963 text:"[[PDP-6|DEC PDP-6]]"
 
−
  at:1964 text:"[[IBM 360]]"
 
−
  at:1964 text:"[[PDP-8|DEC PDP-8]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[CDC 6600]]~1st supercomputer"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1966 text:"[[BESM|BESM-6]]"
 
−
  at:1968 text:"[[PDP-10|DEC PDP-10]]"
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[Datapoint 2200]]"
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[PDP-11|DEC PDP-11]]"
 
−
  at:1971 text:"electronic~calculator TI"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1971 text:"([[Intel_4004|4004]])"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"scientific~calculator HP"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1972 text:"([[Intel_8008|8008]])"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"1st 32-bit~ supermini"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1974 text:"([[Intel_8080|8080]])"
 
−
  at:1974 text:"([[Motorola 6800|MC 6800]])"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1975 text:"[[Altair 8800]]~1st personal~computer"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1976 text:"([[Zilog Z80|Z80]])"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"([[MOS Technologies 6502|6502]])"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"[[Cray-1]]"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"[[Apple I]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[VAX-11|DEC VAX-11]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[Apple II]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[TRS-80]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"(8086)"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[Commodore PET|PET]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"([[Motorola 68000|MC68000]])"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1980 text:"[[Commodore VIC-20|VIC-20]]"
 
−
  at:1980 text:"[[ZX80]]"
 
−
  at:1980 text:"[[Apple III]]"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[8010 Star|8010~Star]]"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[ZX81]]"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"IBM PC"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[BBC Micro]]"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[Commodore 64|C64]]"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"(80286)"
 
−
  at:1982 text:"Compaq~Portable"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[ZX Spectrum| ~ZX Spectrum]]"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[Apple IIe]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[Apple Lisa|Lisa]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[IBM XT]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"IBM PC jr"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]]"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"LaserJet printer"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[IBM AT]]"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"([[MIPS architecture|MIPS R2000]])"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Atari ST]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Commodore Amiga]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"Amstrad 1512"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"([[ARM architecture|ARM2]])"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Acorn Archimedes]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Connection Machine]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[IBM PS/2]]"
 
−
  at:1989 text:"(80486)"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1993 text:"(66MHz~Pentium)"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1998 text:"[[iMac]]"
 
−
  at:1999 text:"PowerMac"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2000 text:"(1GHz Pentium)"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"([[POWER4]]) (dual core)"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"([[Itanium]])"
 
−
  at:2003 text:"([[PowerPC 970|PowerPC G5]])"
 
−
  at:2003 text:"([[Athlon 64]])"
 
−
  at:2006 text:"([[Cell (microprocessor)|Cell]])"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2010 text:"[[iPad]]"
 
−
  at:2011 text:"Kindle~Fire"
 
−
 
 
−
# major or well known operating systems selection based on
 
−
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systems_timeline
 
−
 
 
−
  barset:operating_systems
 
−
  at:1955 text:"GM Research~  OS for the~  IBM 701"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1956 text:"[[GM-NAA I/O]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[University of Michigan Executive System|UMES]]"
 
−
  at:1959 text:"[[SHARE Operating System|SHARE]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1960 text:"[[IBSYS]]"
 
−
  at:1961 text:"[[CTSS]]"
 
−
  at:1961 text:"[[Burroughs MCP]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[General Comprehensive Operating System|GECOS]]"
 
−
  at:1964 text:"[[Dartmouth Time Sharing System|DTSS]]"
 
−
  at:1964 text:"[[TOPS-10]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[OS/360]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[Multics]]"
 
−
  at:1967 text:"[[Incompatible Timesharing System|ITS]]"
 
−
  at:1967 text:"[[Michigan Terminal System|MTS]]"
 
−
  at:1967 text:"[[CP/CMS]]"
 
−
  at:1967 text:"[[WAITS]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[Airline Control Program|ACP]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[TOPS-20|TENEX/TOPS-20]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[Unix]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[RT-11]]"
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[RSTS-11]]"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[VM/CMS]]"
 
−
  at:1974 text:"[[MVS]]"
 
−
  at:1976 text:"[[CP/M operating system|CP/M]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"[[Apple DOS|Apple DOS 3.1]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"[[Virtual Memory System|VMS]]"
 
−
  at:1980 text:"[[OS-9]]"
 
−
  at:1981 text:"[[MS-DOS]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1982 text:"[[SunOS]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[Apple Lisa|Lisa OS]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[UNIX System V]]"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[Mac OS history|Macintosh OS]]"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[GNU|GNU project]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[AmigaOS]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Atari TOS]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Windows 1.0]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Mach]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[AIX operating system|AIX]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Apple IIgs|GS-OS]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[HP-UX]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[IRIX]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Minix]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[OS/2]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Windows 2.0]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[RISC OS]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1988 text:"[[OS/400]]"
 
−
  at:1988 text:"[[POSIX]] Standard"
 
−
  at:1989 text:"[[NEXTSTEP|NeXTSTEP]]"
 
−
  at:1989 text:"[[SCO UNIX|SCO Unix]]"
 
−
  at:1990 text:"[[BeOS]]"
 
−
  at:1990 text:"[[OSF/1]]"
 
−
  at:1991 text:"[[Linux]] kernel"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"[[Solaris Operating Environment|Solaris]]"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"[[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.1]]"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"[[OS/2|OS/2 2.0]]"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"[[SLS Linux]]"
 
−
  at:1992 text:"[[UnixWare]]"
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[Windows NT|Windows NT 3.1]]"
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[Slackware|Slackware Linux]]"
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[Debian|Debian GNU/Linux]]"
 
−
  at:1994 text:"[[Red Hat Linux]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[OpenBSD]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[OS/390]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[Windows 95]]"
 
−
  at:1996 text:"[[MkLinux]]"
 
−
  at:1996 text:"[[SUSE Linux]]"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[Mac OS history|Mac OS 7.6]]"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[Symbian]]"
 
−
  at:1998 text:"[[Windows 98]]"
 
−
  at:1999 text:"[[BlackBerry OS]]"
 
−
  at:1999 text:"[[Mac OS history|Mac OS 8]]"
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[Mac OS history|Mac OS 9]]"
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[Windows Me]]"
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[Windows 2000]]"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"[[Mac OS X]]"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"[[Windows XP]]"
 
−
  at:2001 text:"[[z/OS]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2002 text:"[[Gentoo Linux]]"
 
−
  at:2003 text:"[[Windows Server 2003]]"
 
−
  at:2004 text:"[[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]]"
 
−
  at:2007 text:"[[iOS]]"
 
−
  at:2007 text:"[[Windows Vista]]"
 
−
  at:2008 text:"[[Android (operating system)|Android]]"
 
−
  at:2009 text:"[[Windows 7]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2011 text:"[[Chrome~OS]]"
 
−
 
 
−
# major or well known programming languages & dev tools selection based on
 
−
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_programming_languages
 
−
# generally only first versions are listed
 
−
 
 
−
  barset:sys_dev_software
 
−
  at:1945 text:"[[Plankalkül]]~  (Plan Calculus)"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1952 text:"[[A-0 System|A-0]]"
 
−
  at:1954 text:"[[Mark I Autocode|Mark I]]"
 
−
  at:1957 text:"[[FORTRAN I]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[ALGOL 58]]"
 
−
  at:1958 text:"[[Lisp programming language|LISP]]"
 
−
  at:1959 text:"[[MAD (programming language)|MAD]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1960 text:"[[COBOL programming language|COBOL]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[APL programming language|APL]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[Simula]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[SNOBOL]]"
 
−
  at:1964 text:"[[BASIC programming language|BASIC]]"
 
−
  at:1966 text:"[[FORTRAN 66]]"
 
−
  at:1967 text:"[[BCPL]]"
 
−
  at:1968 text:"[[ALGOL 68]]"
 
−
  at:1968 text:"[[Logo programming language|Logo]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[PLI|PL/I]]"
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[B (programming language)|B]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[Pascal programming language|Pascal]]"
 
−
  at:1970 text:"[[Forth (programming language)|Forth]]"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[Smalltalk programming language|Smalltalk]]"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[C programming language|C]]"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[Prolog]]"
 
−
  at:1973 text:"[[ML (programming language)|ML]]"
 
−
  at:1975 text:"[[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[FORTRAN 77]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[IDL (programming language)|IDL]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"[[VISICALC]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"[[Modula-2]]"
 
−
  at:1978 text:"[[SQL]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[AWK]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[REXX]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[DBASE|DBASE-II]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[Ada programming language|Ada]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[C++]]"
 
−
  at:1983 text:"[[Turbo Pascal]]"
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[Common Lisp]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[PARADOX programming language|PARADOX]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[PostScript]]"
 
−
  at:1985 text:"[[Caml]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Eiffel programming language|Eiffel]]"
 
−
  at:1986 text:"[[Objective-C]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[HyperCard|HyperTalk]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[SQL programming language|SQL]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Perl]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Erlang]]"
 
−
  at:1987 text:"[[Tcl]]"
 
−
  at:1988 text:"[[Mathematica]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1990 text:"[[Haskell]]"
 
−
  at:1991 text:"[[Python programming language|Python]]"
 
−
  at:1991 text:"[[Visual Basic]]"
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[AppleScript]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[Delphi programming language|Delphi]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[JavaScript]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[Java programming language|Java]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]]"
 
−
  at:1996 text:"[[Objective Caml|OCaml]]"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[PHP programming language|PHP]]"
 
−
  at:1999 text:"[[XSL_Transformations|XSLT]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[D programming language|D]]"
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[C Sharp programming language|C#]]"
 
−
  at:2000 text:"[[ActionScript]]"
 
−
  at:2003 text:"[[Scala (programming language)|Scala]]"
 
−
  at:2005 text:"[[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]]"
 
−
  at:2007 text:"[[Clojure]]"
 
−
  at:2009 text:"[[CoffeeScript]]"
 
−
 
 
−
# New application areas
 
−
 
 
−
  barset:applications
 
−
  at:1951 text:"[[CSIRAC|electronic music]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1960 text:"[[compiler compiler]]"
 
−
  at:1961 text:"[[timesharing]] ([[CTSS]])"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[computer reservations system|flight booking]]"
 
−
  at:1962 text:"[[Spacewar (video game)|computer game]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[Bulletin board system|bulletin board]]"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[email]] ([[CTSS]])"
 
−
  at:1965 text:"[[CDC 6600|super computing]]"
 
−
  at:1968 text:"interactive computing~(mouse, windows, hypertext,~full screen word processing)"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1969 text:"[[ARPANET|networking]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1970 text:"flight data processor"
 
−
  at:1971 text:"[[Non-linear video editing]]"
 
−
  at:1972 text:"[[Pong|arcade video game]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[Visicalc|spreadsheet]]"
 
−
  at:1977 text:"[[CATS_(trading_system)|electronic stock market]]"
 
−
  at:1979 text:"[[Usenet]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1984 text:"[[WYSIWYG]] word~processing"
 
−
  barset:skip
 
−
  at:1989 text:"[[World Wide Web]]"
 
−
  barset:break
 
−
  at:1993 text:"[[Web search engine]]"
 
−
  at:1995 text:"[[wiki|wikis]]"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[blog]]s"
 
−
  at:1997 text:"[[IEEE 802.11|wireless networking]]"
 
  
−
# extra years
+
# there is no automatic collision detection,
 +
# so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap
  
−
  mark:(line,grid1)
+
Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar
−
  bar:dummy1
 
−
  shift:(2,-8)
 
−
  fontsize:XS
 
−
  textcolor:years
 
−
  at:1940 text:40
 
−
  at:1950 text:50
 
−
  at:1960 text:60
 
−
  at:1970 text:70
 
−
  at:1980 text:80
 
−
  at:1990 text:90
 
−
  at:2010 text:10
 
−
  shift:(-10,-8)
 
−
  at:2000 text:2000
 
−
  bar:dummy2
 
−
  shift:(2,-8)
 
−
  at:1940 text:40
 
−
  at:1950 text:50
 
−
  at:1960 text:60
 
−
  at:1970 text:70
 
−
  at:1980 text:80
 
−
  at:1990 text:90
 
−
  at:2010 text:10
 
−
  shift:(-10,-8)
 
−
  at:2000 text:2000
 
−
  bar:dummy3
 
−
  shift:(2,-8)
 
−
  at:1940 text:40
 
−
  at:1950 text:50
 
−
  at:1960 text:60
 
−
  at:1970 text:70
 
−
  at:1980 text:80
 
−
  at:1990 text:90
 
−
  at:2010 text:10
 
−
  shift:(-10,-8)
 
−
  at:2000 text:2000
 
−
  bar:dummy4
 
−
  shift:(2,-8)
 
−
  at:1940 text:40
 
−
  at:1950 text:50
 
−
  at:1960 text:60
 
−
  at:1970 text:70
 
−
  at:1980 text:80
 
−
  at:1990 text:90
 
−
  at:2010 text:10
 
−
  shift:(-10,-8)
 
−
  at:2000 text:2000
 
−
  bar:dummy5
 
−
  shift:(2,-8)
 
−
  at:1940 text:40
 
−
  at:1950 text:50
 
−
  at:1960 text:60
 
−
  at:1970 text:70
 
−
  at:1980 text:80
 
−
  at:1990 text:90
 
−
  at:2010 text:10
 
−
  shift:(-10,-8)
 
−
  at:2000 text:2000
 
  
−
}}<noinclude>
+
PlotData=
−
[[Category:Computing graphical timeline templates|History Of]]
+
  bar:Leaders color:red width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S
  
−
</noinclude>
+
  from:start till:1922 shift:($dx,15)  text:Vladimir~Ilyich~[[Lenin]]
 +
  from:1922  till:1953 shift:($dx,5)    text:[[Stalin|Josef~Stalin]]
 +
  from:1953  till:1964 shift:($dx,5)    text:Nikita~[[Khrushchev]]
 +
  from:1964  till:1982 shift:($dx,5)    text:Leonid~[[Brezhnev]]
 +
  from:1982  till:1984 shift:($dx,-12)  text:Yuri~[[Andropov]]
 +
  from:1984  till:1985 shift:($dx,4)    text:Konstantin~[[Chernenko]] fontsize:XS
 +
  from:1985  till:end  shift:($dx,10)  text:Mikhail~[[Gorbachev]]
 +
</timeline>

Revision as of 13:37, 11 October 2016

<timeline>

  1. All measures are in pixels

ImageSize = width:160 height:550 PlotArea = left:50 right:0 bottom:10 top:10 AlignBars = justify

DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:1919 till:1991 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1920

  1. there is no automatic collision detection,
  2. so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dx = 25 # shift text to right side of bar

PlotData= 

 bar:Leaders color:red width:25 mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:S

 from:start till:1922 shift:($dx,15)   text:Vladimir~Ilyich~Lenin
 from:1922  till:1953 shift:($dx,5)    text:Josef~Stalin
 from:1953  till:1964 shift:($dx,5)    text:Nikita~Khrushchev
 from:1964  till:1982 shift:($dx,5)    text:Leonid~Brezhnev
 from:1982  till:1984 shift:($dx,-12)  text:Yuri~Andropov
 from:1984  till:1985 shift:($dx,4)    text:Konstantin~Chernenko fontsize:XS
 from:1985  till:end  shift:($dx,10)   text:Mikhail~Gorbachev

</timeline>

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