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TE year1sourcebook/Topics of Study in the Unit (view source)

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Information can be accessed in multiple ways from the www and we need to know how to search for it. Sources of information, even if freely available on the Internet, needs to be acknowledged. Resources are available in different formats on the Internet- images, videos, audio files etc. We must be aware of Internet safety while accessing images, videos and other information on the Internet. We already saw that each website is a page on the Internet and has an address. We can either copy and paste the link directly in the address bar of a web browser.

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~~==== Accessing information on the internet - Search engine ====~~

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~~A popular way of finding information on the Internet is through the use of a search engine. Search engine is a website that can retrieve a large amount of relevant information in very a short time.~~

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The search engine has enormous implications for our processes of teaching-learning. In the past, rote learning (remembering information) has been seen as important, since such committing information to memory would allow us to access it when needed. Traditional Indian schools also had memorising scripts as an important learning method. However, with ICT, that has changed. Due to information explosion, it is now impossible to commit to memory the numerous aspects of our daily lives. Secondly, thanks to methods of storage and retrieval, including use of search engines, the need to memorise has also reduced. Twenty years back, we used to remember peoples telephone (land-line) numbers, which were not too many. Now with large number of contacts we have, we do not need to memorise their phone (cell phone) numbers, since we can store it in the phone itself and can retrieve by name. In the same way, any factual information can be retrieved in a fraction of a second and hence not worth memorising.

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Thus while in the past, significant amount of teaching was actually the dissemination of information, now that would neither be required, nor would students readily accept it. Teaching has to hence necessarily move to the next order of interpreting, critically reflecting on facts to assess and make meaning. Thus in a way, search engines have done the processes of learning a good turn, by making information transmission as a largely redundant part of learning. On the other hand, they have also enabled easy copying of materials, without requiring much effort to understand, potentially encouraging superficial learning.

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Some examples of search engines are [http://google.com Google search engine] or [https://duckduckgo.com DuckDuckGo] search engine. You can search not only for text, but also for images and videos You can download the file (video, text file, image file) to your computer.

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~~===== How to evaluate an Internet resource / web site =====~~

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~~There are a few things you must check when we look at the usefulness of the information on any website.~~

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# Source of the website. Whose website is it ? How to contact the website owner/manager? (check the 'About Us' link that is usually provided on a web site to get this information). It is important to know about the source of the information, to get a sense of its authenticity

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~~# What kind of web site - commercial, educational, etc. Educational sites or non-commercial sites may be more reliable, generally, since they are not trying to 'sell' you something~~

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~~# What is the copyright of the content on the site? Is it providing information on free or paid or subscription basis?~~

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# Features of a website: How useful a website is depends on how many different ways we can access the information and use it and view it. Can it be used by teachers, students, general public? The understanding of this will also help us determine how much we can use the content.

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# Relevance: Often when we search, we may immediately share the first page we find, with others. However, it is important to read (at least quickly) the contents of the page, to help you get a sense of the relevance of the page for your purpose. Information use is very contextual and depends on its vintage as well. If the information is very old, we need to test for accuracy. For teaching-learning resources see if the information is for teachers or for children

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# Use of multiple websites: Only one website will give us only one kind of information. Using more than one website will give multiple perspectives. We can also cross check and identify errors if any. For the same purpose, more the internal and external web links on a page, more useful it can be, since it can lead us to more resources. For teaching-learning resources, particularly check if the information is reliable by checking more than one website.

==== Navigating the Internet using a web browser ====

You will access and navigate the internet using a free and open source web browser such as [[Learn Firefox|Mozilla Firefox]]. Mozilla Firefox will appear under Applications > Internet >Firefox Web Browser.

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If you know the web address of the site you want to visit, you can type it in the address bar. Ex; http://kn.wikipedia.org. If you don’t know the particular web address, you can type a key word(s) relating to the topic e.g. Wikipedia, using a search engine.

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If you know the web address of the site you want to visit, you can type it in the address bar. Ex; http://kn.wikipedia.org. If you don’t know the particular web address, you can type a key word(s) relating to the topic e.g. Wikipedia, using a search engine. Some examples of search engines are [http://google.com Google search engine] or [https://duckduckgo.com DuckDuckGo] search engine. You can search not only for text, but also for images and videos You can download the file (video, text file, image file) to your computer.

You will find that much more resources are available for your topic in English compared to Kannada or other languages.

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File:Firefox_5_Searched_Address.png|400x450px|thumb|Search results will appear

</gallery>

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==== Accessing information on the internet - Search engine ====

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A popular way of finding information on the Internet is through the use of a search engine. Search engine is a website that can retrieve a large amount of relevant information in very a short time.

+

The search engine has enormous implications for our processes of teaching-learning. In the past, rote learning (remembering information) has been seen as important, since such committing information to memory would allow us to access it when needed. Traditional Indian schools also had memorising scripts as an important learning method. However, with ICT, that has changed. Due to information explosion, it is now impossible to commit to memory the numerous aspects of our daily lives. Secondly, thanks to methods of storage and retrieval, including use of search engines, the need to memorise has also reduced. Twenty years back, we used to remember peoples telephone (land-line) numbers, which were not too many. Now with large number of contacts we have, we do not need to memorise their phone (cell phone) numbers, since we can store it in the phone itself and can retrieve by name. In the same way, any factual information can be retrieved in a fraction of a second and hence not worth memorising.

+

Thus while in the past, significant amount of teaching was actually the dissemination of information, now that would neither be required, nor would students readily accept it. Teaching has to hence necessarily move to the next order of interpreting, critically reflecting on facts to assess and make meaning. Thus in a way, search engines have done the processes of learning a good turn, by making information transmission as a largely redundant part of learning. On the other hand, they have also enabled easy copying of materials, without requiring much effort to understand, potentially encouraging superficial learning.

===== Searching text and image resources =====

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# You could look for text information by simply typing the key word of your searching content, In the ~~above~~ image you can see text information accessed Digital Story Telling" in the search bar of the search engine. You can copy the shown information and can paste into your own text document.

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# You could look for text information by simply typing the key word of your searching content, In the first image you can see text information accessed Digital Story Telling" in the search bar of the search engine. You can copy the shown information and can paste into your own text document.

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# You can search for images from Firefox web browser, For example: If you want to search images about Digital Story Telling, simply type "Digital Story Telling" in the search bar of the search engine and select ‘Images’ link. Here you can select images that are licensed for reuse by specifying the search settings. If you want to download or save images to your computer, right click on the image and click on "Save image as". ~~Rename~~ the image file and select appropriate folder to save.~~(Image-5)~~

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# You can search for images from Firefox web browser, For example: If you want to search images about Digital Story Telling, simply type "Digital Story Telling" in the search bar of the search engine and select ‘Images’ link. Here you can select images that are licensed for reuse by specifying the search settings. If you want to download or save images to your computer, right click on the image and click on "Save image as". In the second image, you will see how to rename the image file and select appropriate folder to save.

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# Firefox has in-built search button for Google, DuckDuckGo, Yahoo, Bing and few other popular search engines. The [https://duckduckgo.com DuckDuckGo] search engine does store your searches, which allows you privacy, whereas [http://google.com Google search engine] and most other search engines store your searches.~~(Image-6)~~

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# Firefox has in-built search button for Google, DuckDuckGo, Yahoo, Bing and few other popular search engines. The [https://duckduckgo.com DuckDuckGo] search engine does store your searches, which allows you privacy, whereas [http://google.com Google search engine] and most other search engines store your searches.

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{|

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File:Imageoer2.png|400x450px|left|thumb|Searching images using Google search engine

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File:COL - Google Search - Adavance Search for OER 1.png|400x450px|thumb|Accessing text information

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~~|[[~~File:COL - Google Search - Adavance Search for OER 1.png|400x450px|thumb|~~Image~~-~~6 text~~ information ~~accessed]]~~

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</gallery>

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|}

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====== How to evaluate an Internet resource / web site ======

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There are a few things you must check when we look at the usefulness of the information on any website.

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# Source of the website. Whose website is it ? How to contact the website owner/manager? (check the 'About Us' link that is usually provided on a web site to get this information). It is important to know about the source of the information, to get a sense of its authenticity

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# What kind of web site - commercial, educational, etc. Educational sites or non-commercial sites may be more reliable, generally, since they are not trying to 'sell' you something

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# What is the copyright of the content on the site? Is it providing information on free or paid or subscription basis?

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# Features of a website: How useful a website is depends on how many different ways we can access the information and use it and view it. Can it be used by teachers, students, general public? The understanding of this will also help us determine how much we can use the content.

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# Relevance: Often when we search, we may immediately share the first page we find, with others. However, it is important to read (at least quickly) the contents of the page, to help you get a sense of the relevance of the page for your purpose. Information use is very contextual and depends on its vintage as well. If the information is very old, we need to test for accuracy. For teaching-learning resources see if the information is for teachers or for children

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# Use of multiple websites: Only one website will give us only one kind of information. Using more than one website will give multiple perspectives. We can also cross check and identify errors if any. For the same purpose, more the internal and external web links on a page, more useful it can be, since it can lead us to more resources. For teaching-learning resources, particularly check if the information is reliable by checking more than one website.

===== '''Bookmarks''' =====

Web browsers allow you to mark bookmarks, which are simply short-cuts to sites in the browser. You can book mark sites you visit often.

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To add a bookmark: Go to Menu Bar and click the bookmarks and click on "add this to bookmarks" to save the current page as a bookmark. By default, new bookmarks are saved to the Unsorted bookmarks folder. ... If you want separate folder, you can also create as per your requirements.

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[[File:bookmark.png|400px]]

===== Save web page to use offline =====

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~~In Browser~~ you can save web pages ~~ofline~~ to use without internet. To save the page, right click on the page and click on "Save Page As". In the save tab, you can give specific file name and in the file format you need to select "Web Page Complete" and then click SAVE. Now it will save html file with a thumbnail folder. By clicking on html file you can view web page offline. ~~(Image-7)~~

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After you have accessed the resources, you can save web pages offline to use without internet. To save the page, right click on the page and click on "Save Page As". In the save tab, you can give specific file name and in the file format you need to select "Web Page Complete" and then click SAVE. Now it will save html file with a thumbnail folder. By clicking on html file you can view web page offline.

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[[File:Screenshot from 2017-01-05 10-53-22.png|400x450px|left|thumb|~~Image-7~~ Save web page to use offline]]

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[[File:Screenshot from 2017-01-05 10-53-22.png|400x450px|left|thumb|Save web page to use offline]]

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Apart from using search engines to search for information, there are several web tools which cater to different information requirements. These include on-line maps which provide map information (such as [[wikipedia:OpenStreetMap|OpenStreetMaps]] or Google Maps), on-line dictionaries (such as [http://shabdkosh.com/kn Shabdkosh]), digital albums (such as [[wikipedia:Flickr|Flickr]]) translation (such as [http://translate.google.com/ Google translate]) etc.

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==== '''Student activity time''' ====

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{| class="wikitable"

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Your ~~teacher~~ demonstrated different kinds of websites above. In groups, look for websites in the different categories. In each group, use a search engine to access different websites on the internet. search and make a list of 3-5 websites. Enter these addresses in your note book and download information, consisting of web pages, image, videos, etc relevant to your topic.

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==== '''Student activity time''' (6 hours)====

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Your faculty would have demonstrated different kinds of websites above. In groups, look for websites in the different categories. In each group, use a search engine to access different websites on the internet. search and make a list of 3-5 websites. Enter these addresses in your note book and download information, consisting of web pages, image, videos, etc relevant to your topic.

Search for resources connected to the topic you have identified.

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Open [https://en.wikipedia.org/ Wikipedia] and search within Wikipedia for topics of your interest and the topic you have identified.

References: [[Learn Firefox]]

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=== ICT for connecting and learning - Professional learning communities of teachers ===

Many professions have their own professional associations. These associations provide a forum for continuous interactions with fellow practitioners (peers) and allow methods of learning beyond the college or university. You would have learnt about [[wikipedia:Social_constructivism|social constructivism]] and peer learning. Teachers, as professionals too need to connect regularly to their peers, for sharing their experiences, practices as well as insights. They also need to be able to contact peers as well as mentors for seeking support.

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Your mails may also be 'tapped' by authorised and unauthorised entities as it passes over the internet. Hence you need to take the maximum care of your digital information and be careful of what you share digitally. You should not assume that anything digital is automatically private and confidential, it may not be.

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====~~=Creating your email id (~~Gmail)=====

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====Using a webmail application - Gmail====

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~~Your teacher~~ will ~~help you~~ create ~~your~~ Gmail account.

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Most of you will already have a Gmail or another mail account. You can use the [[Learn Gmail|Gmail handout]] for information on how to create a Gmail account.

=====Composing, sending and receiving emails=====

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To compose a new message using ~~gmail~~, click "Compose". This can be found on the left panel. When you click on that you see a panel open for composing a new mail ~~(Image-8)~~. ~~Now~~ you can start composing your new mail(Image-9). Some basic features of the 'compose mail' form are discussed below:

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To compose a new message using Gmail, click "Compose". This can be found on the left panel,and is shown in the first image below. When you click on that you see a panel open for composing a new mail. The second image shows how you can start composing your new mail.

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File:Gmail 5 Compose Message.png|400x450px|left|thumb|Compose window in Gmail

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File:Gmail 6 Compose Tab.png|400x450px|thumb|Image-9 Composing mail with relevant information

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</gallery>

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Some basic features of the 'compose mail' form are discussed below:

# To: enter in an email address

# Cc: “Carbon copy” or “courtesy copy” another email address (not the main recipient; meant to keep others in the loop)

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# Body of the email: type your message. Click on attachment icon (next to send icon) to attach your local files(text files, images, etc.) with the mail and send it to the receipt. After you done all the above steps and if are ready to send your mail, just click on Send icon.

# To access your sent mails, click on Sent from the left side panel.

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{|

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~~|[[File:Gmail 6 Compose Tab.png|400x450px|thumb|Image-9 Composing mail, adding all the information]]~~

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===== Checking mails and replying =====

Your Inbox displays all email messages you have received. By default, unread messages in your Inbox have a white background and display in bold lettering while read messages have a grey background and normal type.

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===== ~~Download~~ an attachment =====

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===== Downloading an attachment =====

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# A paper clip icon next to an email indicates that there is an attachment with the mail~~(Image-10)~~

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# A paper clip icon next to an email indicates that there is an attachment with the mail, as shown in the attached image

# To download an attachment in an email, open mail and scroll down the message and come to the file attached.

# You can either view or download the file (down arrow mark).

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# Choose the location where you want to save the file

# Click on Save to finish

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[[File:Gmail_8_Download_The_Attachement.png|400x450px|left|thumb|~~Image-10 Download~~ attachment ~~file~~]]

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[[File:Gmail_8_Download_The_Attachement.png|400x450px|left|thumb|Downloading an attachment]]

===== Sign out from the account =====

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This is very important steps to secure your ~~gmails from others~~. ~~log~~ out of your Gmail account is essential if you use public computers or even in personal computer. Your Gmail account can contain a lot of sensitive information, and signing out will help protect it.~~(Image-11)~~

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This is very important steps to secure your mail privacy. Logging out of your Gmail account is essential if you use public computers or even in personal computer. Your Gmail account can contain a lot of sensitive information, and signing out will help protect it.

# Click on your name or small circle with your starting letter of your user name, which displayed on top right side of your screen, as in this screen.

# Click on it and select '''sign out''' or '''logout'''.

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[[File:Gmail_10_Sign_out.png|400x450px|left|thumb|~~Image-11~~ Signing out from your account]]

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[[File:Gmail_10_Sign_out.png|400x450px|left|thumb|Signing out from your account]]

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~~You can refer to the Google support centre to learn more advanced features of using email~~

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~~# [https://support.google.com/mail/answer/8395?co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop&hl=en Adding your default signature]~~

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~~# [[wikihow:Create-a-New-Folder-in-Gmail|Folder creation]]~~

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~~# [https://support.google.com/mail/answer/17091?co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop&hl=en Setting up Gmail in your language]~~

====Social networking====

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Social networking is another method of connecting people. Usually social networking platforms allow people to set up their profiles / create their ~~ids~~, and connect to other people sharing common interests, backgrounds or real life connections. While these are good for quick sharing of information and chatting, they are not well suited for academic discussions since, unlike a mailing list, the discussions are not 'threaded' (linked) which makes tracking a discussion difficult and retrieving a past discussion very difficult. Secondly, many social networking platforms do not charge the users, as they monetise user data. This can have larger privacy related concerns (as mentioned earlier, such privacy concerns also affect gratis mail services including Gmail). Many schools do not allow access to social networking sites, also because, it is often a source of cyber bullying.

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Social networking is another method of connecting people. Usually social networking platforms allow people to set up their profiles / create their own identities, and connect to other people sharing common interests, backgrounds or real life connections. While these are good for quick sharing of information and chatting, they are not well suited for academic discussions since, unlike a mailing list, the discussions are not 'threaded' (linked) which makes tracking a discussion difficult and retrieving a past discussion very difficult. Secondly, many social networking platforms do not charge the users, as they monetise user data. This can have larger privacy related concerns (as mentioned earlier, such privacy concerns also affect gratis mail services including Gmail). Many schools do not allow access to social networking sites, also because, it is often a source of cyber bullying.

{| class="wikitable"

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|-

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==== '''Student activity time''' ====

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==== '''Student activity time (5 hours)''' ====

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You will need to create an email-id for yourself, this is like a digital post-box or digital address. You can create an email id using a Gmail on <nowiki>http://gmail.com</nowiki>. Login by providing your 'user id' and then 'your password'. Compose an email and send to another student whose id you know~~. You can send it to your classmate~~. Compose an email discussing some of the resources you saw on your topic and ask for your classmate to give suggestions and feedback on your resource. Copy your teacher's email id in the 'cc'.

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#You will need to create an email id for yourself, this is like a digital post-box or digital address. You can create an email id using a Gmail on <nowiki>http://gmail.com</nowiki>. Login by providing your 'user id' and then 'your password'. Compose an email and send to another student whose id you know. Compose an email discussing some of the resources you saw on your topic and ask for your classmate to give suggestions and feedback on your resource. Copy your teacher's email id in the 'cc'.

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Receive emails in your 'inbox' from your classmates. Open and read them. 'Reply-to' the sender of the mail and give your comments on the mails from your classmates.

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#Receive emails in your 'inbox' from your classmates. Open and read them. 'Reply-to' the sender of the mail and give your comments on the mails from your classmates.

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#Your faculty would have created a 'class group' mailing list. You can send a mail to this list id, which will go to all students, who are members of the list. You can use email as a general sharing tool. You can share your assignments with your classmates (after they are assessed) and seek feedback. This peer feedback can complement the feedback from the teacher educator and support peer learning. Giving feedback and receiving feedback can both be intense academic processes and the email method can be used to enable students to share much more easily, as well as give and receive feedback. This can be extended to all the courses in the program, not just the ICT Mediation course.

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Your ~~teacher~~ would have created a 'class group' mailing list. You can send a mail to this list id, which will go to all students, who are members of the list.

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You can use email as a general sharing tool. You can share your assignments with your classmates (after they are assessed) and seek feedback. This peer feedback can complement the feedback from the teacher educator and support peer learning. Giving feedback and receiving feedback can both be intense academic processes and the email method can be used to enable students to share much more easily, as well as give and receive feedback. This can be extended to all the courses in the program, not just the ICT Mediation course.

References: [[Learn Gmail]]

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|}

Ranjani

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TE year1sourcebook/Topics of Study in the Unit (view source)

Revision as of 04:07, 10 May 2017

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