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Line 55: − + − One point to note is that, one ICT does not replace the earlier ones, rather the earlier technologies tend to continue, to meet varying needs and contexts. + − − − + − + − + − + − − − + − # Electric power should be available during the installation process.+ − − − − − ==== Basic functions ==== − # '''Logging in''': When you switch on your computer, you will see a login screen. Login with the user id (name) and password created by the system administrator. '''Ubuntu''' allows you to have a user interface in your own language, by specifying your language as the user language, during your user id creation. Once you have logged in, the home screen will appear. − # '''Shutting down the computer-''' After you have finished your work, you have to turn off the computer. You must turn it off by clicking on the last button on the right hand top corner and select shut down. Never turn off the power button without shutting the computer properly. − + − + − + + +
TE year1sourcebook/Topics of Study in the Unit (view source)
Revision as of 15:14, 16 April 2017
, 15:14, 16 April 2017→A brief history of ICT
==== Digital ICT ====
==== Digital ICT ====
We are now perhaps in the middle of the next epochal movement in the history of ICTs - the use of digital methods of accessing, creating, modifying sharing, storing information as well as for communication. Most of you would have been born after the beginning of the mass use of cell phones (the second generation or 2G cell phone technology was available for mass use from 1991), towards the end of the first millennium, while many teacher educators would have been born before this period! This phenomenon creates an interesting inversion in the school environment, in almost all other areas, the teacher (teacher educator) is more familiar than the learner (student teacher), while in case of ICTs (more specifically in the skill of using ICT devices and methods), it can often be the opposite! Research also suggests that younger people are quicker to pick up a technology than older people. ''Hence this course may require the student teacher to help the teacher educators to acquire some of the skills covered and support 'collaborative learning amongst student teachers and teacher educators! On the other hand, the experience and insights of teacher educators can help student teachers to develop a critical perspective towards digital ICTs, which is essential, since digital ICTs have huge potential for doing good as well as harm.''
We are now perhaps in the middle of the next epochal movement in the history of ICTs - the use of digital methods of accessing, creating, modifying sharing, storing information as well as for communication. Most of you would have been born after the beginning of the mass use of cell phones (the second generation or 2G cell phone technology was available for mass use from 1991), towards the end of the first millennium, while many teacher educators would have been born before this period! This phenomenon creates an interesting inversion in the school environment, in almost all other areas, the teacher (teacher educator) is more familiar than the learner (student teacher), while in case of ICTs (more specifically in the skill of using ICT devices and methods), it can often be the opposite! Research also suggests that younger people are quicker to pick up a technology than older people. ''Hence this course may require the student teacher to help the teacher educators to acquire some of the skills covered and support 'collaborative learning amongst student teachers and teacher educators! On the other hand, the experience and insights of teacher educators can help student teachers develop a critical perspective towards digital ICTs, which is essential, since digital ICTs have huge potential for doing harm as well as good.''
You will learn to use digital ICT for two purposes in the first year - 'connecting and learning' and 'creating (generic resources) and learning', in the two units respectively. Before 'connecting and learning' you need to have a basic familiarity with the ICT devices and tools.
You will learn to use digital ICT for two purposes in the first year - 'connecting and learning' and 'creating (generic resources) and learning', in the two units respectively. Before 'connecting and learning' you need to have a basic familiarity with the ICT devices and tools.
===Basic familiarity with ICT devices and operating system===
===Basic familiarity with ICT devices and operating system===
Every computer must have an operating system (also called system software) to run other computer programmes. Even your mobile phone has an operating system. Operating systems start automatically when you turn on the computer, this process is termed booting. All the other computer programmes like programmes to paint, type, listen to music, learn maths etc., are called application software or 'Apps' which work with the system software.
Every computer must have an [[wikipedia:Operating_system|operating system]] (also called system software) to run other computer programmes. Even your mobile phone has an operating system. Operating systems start automatically when you turn on the computer, this process is termed [[wikipedia:Booting|booting]]. All the other computer programmes like programmes to paint, type, listen to music, learn maths etc., are called application software or 'Apps' which work with the system software.
Ubuntu is a ‘Free and Open Source Software’ (called FOSS in short) operating system. Software like Office suite, web browser, educational software can be bundled with Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system, all these applications can be installed on the computer at one time. Operating systems use a program called the Graphical User Interface (GUI, which is pronounced as goo-ee), to access other computer with a mouse. The popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows, GNU/Linux and Mac OSx. You will learn about the functions of an operating system, using an example of '''Ubuntu''' GNU/Linux operating system. With this learning, you can also operate a computer with Windows of Mac operating systems.
We will use the [[wikipedia:Ubuntu_(operating_system)|Ubuntu]] ‘Free and Open Source Software’ (called FOSS in short) operating system. Software like Office suite, web browser, educational software can be bundled with Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system, all these applications will be installed on the computer along with the operating system. Operating systems use a program called the Graphical User Interface (GUI, which is pronounced as goo-ee), to access other computer with a mouse. The popular operating systems are Microsoft Windows, GNU/Linux and Mac OSx. You will learn about the functions of an operating system, using an example of '''Ubuntu''' GNU/Linux operating system. With this learning, you can also operate a computer with Windows of Mac operating systems.
==== Installing operating system on the computer ====
==== Installing operating system on the computer ====
Ubuntu GNU/Linux (we will use Ubuntu hereafter) is a Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Operating System. Ubuntu installation is quite simple, and can be done by an average computer user.
Ubuntu GNU/Linux (we will use Ubuntu hereafter) is a Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Operating System. Ubuntu installation is quite simple, and can be done by an average computer user. The minimum hardware required to install Ubuntu in a computer is:
# Minimum 40GB or above free space / separate partition in hard disk.
The minimum hardware required to install Ubuntu in a computer:
# Minimum 40GB or above free space / separate partition in Hard disk.
# Minimum 2GB RAM (4GB and above preferred)
# Minimum 2GB RAM (4GB and above preferred)
# DVD reader or USB port.
# DVD reader or USB port
Electric power should be available during the installation process. You will need the Ubuntu software in a DVD or in a pen drive (as a boot-able USB device). In the computers in your lab, a custom distribution of Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system which contains all the educational software applications and utilities required to transact this paper, would have been installed. A copy of the Ubuntu custom distribution could be obtained from DSERT, if required. In case you need to install the system on the institution computers, or you would like to install in your own computer, you can do so. Being able to install the operating system itself on your computer is an empowering process. In many cases, if you face problems while using your computer, including serious issues such as hard disk crash, you can re-install the operating system to start using your computer again. The installation process for the custom Ubuntu GNU/Linux system is available in this [https://teacher-network.in/OER/images/8/8e/Ubuntu_16.04_installation_as_stand_alone_OS.pdf document]
You will also need the Ubuntu software in a DVD or in a pen drive (as a boot-able USB device). In the computers in your lab, the Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system along with educational software applications and utilities would have been installed. A copy of the same could be obtained from DSERT, if required. In case you need to install the system on the institution computers, or you would like to install in your own computer, you can do so. Being able to install the operating system itself on your computer is an empowering process. In many cases, if you face problems while using your computer, including serious issues such as hard disk crash, you can re-install the operating system to start using your computer again.
The installation process for the custom Ubuntu GNU/Linux system is available in this [https://teacher-network.in/OER/images/8/8e/Ubuntu_16.04_installation_as_stand_alone_OS.pdf document]
==== Accessing and adding various FOSS applications, basic troubleshooting ====
==== Accessing and adding various FOSS applications, basic troubleshooting ====
Ubuntu performs all the basic functions expected of an operating system, including the following:
Ubuntu performs other basic functions expected of an operating system, including the following:
# It allows the user to login and logout and keeps the user data secure within that login
# It allows the user to login and logout and keeps the user data secure within that login
# Users can browse the folders and files on the computer using a file browser
## '''Logging in''': When you switch on your computer, you will see a login screen. Login with the user id (name) and password created by the system administrator. '''Ubuntu''' allows you to have a user interface in your own language, by specifying your language as the user language, during your user id creation. Once you have logged in, the home screen will appear.
## '''Shutting down the computer-''' After you have finished your work, you have to turn off the computer. You must turn it off by clicking on the last button on the right hand top corner and select shut down. Never turn off the power button without shutting the computer properly.
# Users can browse the folders and files on the computer using a file browser (the Ubuntu file browser is called Nautilus)
# Users can use different applications on their computer for creating and accessing files. This includes accessing, creating, editing text, image, audio, video, animation files.
# Users can use different applications on their computer for creating and accessing files. This includes accessing, creating, editing text, image, audio, video, animation files.
# Users can connect to other devices - printers and scanners, mobile phones, pen drives, external hard disks and other storage devices, external DVD writers etc.
# Users can connect to other devices - printers and scanners, mobile phones, pen drives, external hard disks and other storage devices, external DVD writers etc.