Changes

== Objectives ==

=== Objectives ===

In this chapter, you will learn how to create and re-purpose text OER. You will learn

In this chapter, you will learn how to create and re-purpose text OER. You will learn

# about popular repositories for accessing text OER

# about popular repositories for accessing text OER

# to access, create and re-purpose concept maps using concept map editor (''Freeplane'')

# to access, create and re-purpose concept maps using concept map editor (''Freeplane'')

== Accessing text OER repositories ==

=== Accessing text OER repositories ===

The Internet is a rich source of text OER. Two ways in you can access text OER are explained below.

The Internet is a rich source of text OER. Two ways in you can access text OER are explained below.

# The most popular text OER repository is the digital encyclopedia, Wikipedia. You can access Wikipedia on <nowiki>http://http://en.wikipedia.org</nowiki>. Wikipedia is available in more than hundred other languages, so you may also be able to search for text OER in your native language. You can search for your topic in Wikipedia, by simply typing this text in the search bar. We will do this for ‘Digital Story Telling’ (DST) which is the OER proposed to be created as an exemplar by this tool-kit.

# The most popular text OER repository is the digital encyclopedia, Wikipedia. You can access Wikipedia on <nowiki>http://http://en.wikipedia.org</nowiki>. Wikipedia is available in more than hundred other languages, so you may also be able to search for text OER in your native language. You can search for your topic in Wikipedia, by simply typing this text in the search bar. We will do this for ‘Digital Story Telling’ (DST) which is the OER proposed to be created as an exemplar by this tool-kit.

[[File:COL - Google Advanced Search for OER - Usage rights.png|450px]]

[[File:COL - Google Advanced Search for OER - Usage rights.png|450px]]

== Creating a text OER - a concept map ==

=== Creating a text OER - a concept map ===

You will begin your text OER creation by creating a concept map on the topic you have chosen to prepare an OER. A concept map is a visual representation of different concepts and their inter-connections. Concepts acquire power and meaning when they are connected to other concepts. Hence, organizing the concepts relevant to your topic is an important first step of OER creation.

You will begin your text OER creation by creating a concept map on the topic you have chosen to prepare an OER. A concept map is a visual representation of different concepts and their inter-connections. Concepts acquire power and meaning when they are connected to other concepts. Hence, organizing the concepts relevant to your topic is an important first step of OER creation.

[[File:COL Freeplane concept map on DST.png|450px]]

[[File:COL Freeplane concept map on DST.png|450px]]

=== Inserting a hyper-link ===

==== Inserting a hyper-link ====

You can embed a hyper-link on a node, such that clicking that node will open a page on the Internet or a file on your computer). This connects a node on your map to related resources you may want the reader to access.

You can embed a hyper-link on a node, such that clicking that node will open a page on the Internet or a file on your computer). This connects a node on your map to related resources you may want the reader to access.

You should identify a useful web resource for any one node. You should similarly insert this hyper link for that node following the same steps. Note that Freeplane provides a pink arrow in the node, to signify that the node has a hyper link. Clicking on this pink arrow will open the web page that is linked. In this manner, your concept map OER can provide links for each node, to access information on the world wide web, enriching the OER.

You should identify a useful web resource for any one node. You should similarly insert this hyper link for that node following the same steps. Note that Freeplane provides a pink arrow in the node, to signify that the node has a hyper link. Clicking on this pink arrow will open the web page that is linked. In this manner, your concept map OER can provide links for each node, to access information on the world wide web, enriching the OER.

=== Inserting a note ===

==== Inserting a note ====

It is useful to also insert notes for a node, which can provide a more detailed explanation, or an annotation for that node.

It is useful to also insert notes for a node, which can provide a more detailed explanation, or an annotation for that node.

Note that this tool-kit is not intended to provide the complete user manual for the applications explained. The aim here is to get you started with concept map OER creation using Freeplane. For advanced functions, you should refer to the User Manual for the application. The Freeplane tutorial is available within Freeplane itself, which you can access anytime by pressing the F1 function key.

Note that this tool-kit is not intended to provide the complete user manual for the applications explained. The aim here is to get you started with concept map OER creation using Freeplane. For advanced functions, you should refer to the User Manual for the application. The Freeplane tutorial is available within Freeplane itself, which you can access anytime by pressing the F1 function key.

=== Freeplane on other platforms ===

==== Freeplane on other platforms ====

Freeplane is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>https://freeplane.en.softonic.com/download</nowiki>

Freeplane is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>https://freeplane.en.softonic.com/download</nowiki>

<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeplane</nowiki> has more information about Freeplane.

<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeplane</nowiki> has more information about Freeplane.

== Creating text OER using ''LibreOffice Writer (''LibreOffice Writer) ==

=== Creating text OER (''LibreOffice Writer)'' ===

You are familiar with typing text to create a text document, you may have used a software like Microsoft Word.  We will use the FOSS Office suite  ''LibreOffice'' and ''Writer (''LibreOffice Writer) is the text editor in this suite.

You are familiar with typing text to create a text document, you may have used a software like Microsoft Word.  We will use the FOSS Office suite  ''LibreOffice'' and ''Writer (''LibreOffice Writer) is the text editor in this suite.

[[File:COL - Opening LibreOffice Writer.png|450px]]

[[File:COL - Opening LibreOffice Writer.png|450px]]

=== Creating a text OER document ===

==== Creating a text OER document ====

You should create a ‘new’ document, giving the topic name.

You should create a ‘new’ document, giving the topic name.

# Insert section headings

# Insert section headings

=== Entering text ===

==== Entering text ====

You can enter text by simply typing into this document. In our document, we have entered text under following four paragraphs

You can enter text by simply typing into this document. In our document, we have entered text under following four paragraphs

# Why Digital Story Telling

# Why Digital Story Telling

# Adding a concept map on ‘Digital Story Telling’

# Adding a concept map on ‘Digital Story Telling’

=== Formating text ===

==== Formating text ====

You can format your text in many ways. Click on the Format menu option of LibreOffice Writer to see the options. Commonly used formating includes selecting text to highlight it through the ‘bold’ ‘italic’ or ‘underline’ functions. You can change the font, font colour and font size of select text as well. All these can be done through the Format → Text menu, or by clicking the relevant icon in the menu tool bar. Remember to select the text before clicking on these options.<br>

You can format your text in many ways. Click on the Format menu option of LibreOffice Writer to see the options. Commonly used formating includes selecting text to highlight it through the ‘bold’ ‘italic’ or ‘underline’ functions. You can change the font, font colour and font size of select text as well. All these can be done through the Format → Text menu, or by clicking the relevant icon in the menu tool bar. Remember to select the text before clicking on these options.<br>

Image to display – Formatting a text document using LibreOffice Writer<br>

Image to display – Formatting a text document using LibreOffice Writer<br>

|}

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=== Inserting a numbered list ===

==== Inserting a numbered list ====

You may be making a list of items in your document. Instead of manually entering the numbers, you could use automatic numbering.

You may be making a list of items in your document. Instead of manually entering the numbers, you could use automatic numbering.

[[File:COL - Inserting sub numbering in LOW.png|450px]]

[[File:COL - Inserting sub numbering in LOW.png|450px]]

=== Inserting a table / box item ===

==== Inserting a table / box item ====

You may want to put a specific information inside a box to highlight it separately. You can also use box to provide additional information, which the reader may skip, if they want to read the article quickly.

You may want to put a specific information inside a box to highlight it separately. You can also use box to provide additional information, which the reader may skip, if they want to read the article quickly.

You should create a box for providing similar license information for your document. You can insert this box at the beginning of the document.

You should create a box for providing similar license information for your document. You can insert this box at the beginning of the document.

=== Insert footer (automatic page numbers) ===

==== Insert footer (automatic page numbers) ====

It is useful to have page number and name of your document on every page, this is specially useful if the reader wants to read a hard copy (print out). LibreOffice Writer allows you to easily insert this information at the bottom or top of each page. You can select Format → Page and then the Header or Footer tab in the Page form, to enable the Header or Footer for your document.

It is useful to have page number and name of your document on every page, this is specially useful if the reader wants to read a hard copy (print out). LibreOffice Writer allows you to easily insert this information at the bottom or top of each page. You can select Format → Page and then the Header or Footer tab in the Page form, to enable the Header or Footer for your document.

You should insert a footer for your document.

You should insert a footer for your document.

=== Insert section headings ===

==== Insert section headings ====

You can create sections headings in your document. Select the section heading and then click on Styles. You will see Heading 1, Heading 2 etc.<br>

You can create sections headings in your document. Select the section heading and then click on Styles. You will see Heading 1, Heading 2 etc.<br>

Image to display –  Inserting section headings<br>

Image to display –  Inserting section headings<br>

You should insert a section headings for your document.

You should insert a section headings for your document.

=== Continuing editing text OER ===

==== Continuing editing text OER ====

You can re-open this file from this folder anytime to continue editing your text document using LibreOffice Writer. You can add, move, modify and remove text. You can format your text in different ways. In this way, you can keep enhancing your text OER on your topic regularly.

You can re-open this file from this folder anytime to continue editing your text document using LibreOffice Writer. You can add, move, modify and remove text. You can format your text in different ways. In this way, you can keep enhancing your text OER on your topic regularly.

Short videos on LibreOffice Writer are available on <nowiki>http://spoken-tutorial.org/tutorial-search/?search_foss=LibreOffice+Suite+Writer&search_language=English</nowiki>. Each video is less than 10 minutes and focuses on select features of the application.

Short videos on LibreOffice Writer are available on <nowiki>http://spoken-tutorial.org/tutorial-search/?search_foss=LibreOffice+Suite+Writer&search_language=English</nowiki>. Each video is less than 10 minutes and focuses on select features of the application.

=== LibreOffice Writer on other platforms ===

==== LibreOffice Writer on other platforms ====

LibreOffice Writer is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>http://www.libreoffice.org/download/download</nowiki>. LibreOffice Writer is part of the LibreOffice suite on Windows

LibreOffice Writer is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>http://www.libreoffice.org/download/download</nowiki>. LibreOffice Writer is part of the LibreOffice suite on Windows

<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LibreOffice_Writer</nowiki> has more information about LibreOffice Writer.

<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LibreOffice_Writer</nowiki> has more information about LibreOffice Writer.

== Creating a slide presentation ==

=== Creating a slide presentation (''LibreOffice Impress'') ===

A slide presentation is a useful method of sharing information, or in training or teaching. Once your text document on OER is fully complete (You will continue to add text and resources in other formats, in the subsequent sections), you can bring the highlights of the content on slides in bullet points. You can embed images, audio links, video links in the presentation. You can do a ‘slide show’ of this presentation while engaging your learners.

A slide presentation is a useful method of sharing information, or in training or teaching. Once your text document on OER is fully complete (You will continue to add text and resources in other formats, in the subsequent sections), you can bring the highlights of the content on slides in bullet points. You can embed images, audio links, video links in the presentation. You can do a ‘slide show’ of this presentation while engaging your learners.

# Inserting a text box

# Inserting a text box

=== Managing slides ===

==== Managing slides ====

A slide presentation is a document that consists of slides, each slide can be considered as a ‘page’ which will contain a coherent set of information, usually presented as bulleted points.

A slide presentation is a document that consists of slides, each slide can be considered as a ‘page’ which will contain a coherent set of information, usually presented as bulleted points.

[[File:COL - Creating a slide presentation.png|450px]]

[[File:COL - Creating a slide presentation.png|450px]]

=== Entering text, formating text, inserting a numbered list and inserting a text box ===

==== Entering text, formating text, inserting a numbered list and inserting a text box ====

A useful feature of the LibreOffice suite is that the Writer and Impress products are fully integrated and have the same interface. When you select File → Open, you get to chose if you will create a text file or a presentation file. Hence, these four functions mentioned above for LibreOffice Impress are identical to perform as was explained in the LibreOffice Writer section.

A useful feature of the LibreOffice suite is that the Writer and Impress products are fully integrated and have the same interface. When you select File → Open, you get to chose if you will create a text file or a presentation file. Hence, these four functions mentioned above for LibreOffice Impress are identical to perform as was explained in the LibreOffice Writer section.

[[File:COL - Inserting numbered list in a slide.png|450px]]

[[File:COL - Inserting numbered list in a slide.png|450px]]

=== LibreOffice Impress on other platforms ===

==== LibreOffice Impress on other platforms ====

LibreOffice Impress is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>http://www.libreoffice.org/download/download</nowiki>. LibreOffice Impress is part of the LibreOffice suite on Windows

LibreOffice Impress is also available on Microsoft Windows, on <nowiki>http://www.libreoffice.org/download/download</nowiki>. LibreOffice Impress is part of the LibreOffice suite on Windows

Short videos on LibreOffice Impress are available on <nowiki>http://spoken-tutorial.org/tutorial-search/?search_foss=LibreOffice+Suite+Impress&search_language=English</nowiki>. Each video is less than 10 minutes and focuses on select features of the application.

Short videos on LibreOffice Impress are available on <nowiki>http://spoken-tutorial.org/tutorial-search/?search_foss=LibreOffice+Suite+Impress&search_language=English</nowiki>. Each video is less than 10 minutes and focuses on select features of the application.

== Alternative FOSS applications ==

=== Alternative FOSS applications ===

# Freemind is an alternative to Freeplane for making concept maps. Its features and interface is similar to Freeplane.

# Freemind is an alternative to Freeplane for making concept maps. Its features and interface is similar to Freeplane.

# An alternative to LibreOffice for creating text resources and slide presentations is OpenOffice.org. OpenOffice.org also has a similar Writer and Impress applications.

# An alternative to LibreOffice for creating text resources and slide presentations is OpenOffice.org. OpenOffice.org also has a similar Writer and Impress applications.

# gedit is a plain text editor. If you are copying content from a website into your LibreOffice Writer document and the formatting is very messed up, you could instead copy from the website and paste into a gedit file and then copy from the gedit file to your LibreOffice Writer document, this will remove all formatting and help you organize the text more easily.

# gedit is a plain text editor. If you are copying content from a website into your LibreOffice Writer document and the formatting is very messed up, you could instead copy from the website and paste into a gedit file and then copy from the gedit file to your LibreOffice Writer document, this will remove all formatting and help you organize the text more easily.

== PDL to store the OER in your computer ==

=== PDL to store the OER in your computer ===

As a part of using this tool-kit to learn FOSS tools and create OER, we will be accessing and creating many documents / files. It is necessary to organize these files carefully on our computer so that we can access them easily later. You have already created a folder in your computer with your topic name. You should make sub folders for ‘Text OER’, ‘Image OER’ and ‘Audio Video OER’ within this folder, giving full folder  names such as ‘Text OER for <my topic> etc, and use these to save your text, image, audio and video files respectively. By organizing your files and folders carefully on any topic, you are creating what can be termed as a ‘Personal Digital Library’ (PDL) on that topic. Having PDLs on different topics on your computer will enable you to use these easily and effectively for your teaching and learning activities.

As a part of using this tool-kit to learn FOSS tools and create OER, we will be accessing and creating many documents / files. It is necessary to organize these files carefully on our computer so that we can access them easily later. You have already created a folder in your computer with your topic name. You should make sub folders for ‘Text OER’, ‘Image OER’ and ‘Audio Video OER’ within this folder, giving full folder  names such as ‘Text OER for <my topic> etc, and use these to save your text, image, audio and video files respectively. By organizing your files and folders carefully on any topic, you are creating what can be termed as a ‘Personal Digital Library’ (PDL) on that topic. Having PDLs on different topics on your computer will enable you to use these easily and effectively for your teaching and learning activities.

In the last chapter on ‘Publishing OER’, we will explain how you can upload these resources on the world wide web, which can be considered as the ‘Global Digital Library’ accessible to anyone with connectivity.

In the last chapter on ‘Publishing OER’, we will explain how you can upload these resources on the world wide web, which can be considered as the ‘Global Digital Library’ accessible to anyone with connectivity.