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TE year1sourcebook/year1 unit2 Topics of Study in the Unit (view source)
Revision as of 21:22, 24 May 2017
, 21:22, 24 May 2017→Combining text, images and audio-visuals to tell a story or teach a lesson
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==== '''Student activity time (4 hours)''' ====
==== '''Student activity time (4 hours)''' ====
Take any OER video you like, which is in accented English spoken in the USA or UK and dub it with your own voice, in English or Kannada. Save the video files in your personal digital library, you could save in a sub folder called 'Video documents'. The effectiveness of this editing will depend on how well you have prepared the script to match the original video. Also to make the recording more effective, you should use a microphone connected to the computer. You should record a couple of times and listen to it, to get feedback on what to do to improve, such as raising the audio volume, providing gaps and voice modulations etc. After you practice a few times, you are bound to get a good video!
Take any OER video you like, which is in accented English spoken in the USA or UK and dub it with your own voice, in English or Kannada. Save the video files in your personal digital library, you could save in a sub folder called 'Video documents'. The effectiveness of this editing will depend on how well you have prepared the script to match the original video. Also to make the recording more effective, you should use a microphone connected to the computer. You should record a couple of times and listen to it, to get feedback on what to do to improve, such as raising the audio volume, providing gaps and voice modulations etc. After you practice a few times, you are bound to get a good video!
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=== Combining text, images and audio-visuals to tell a story or teach a lesson ===
=== Creating a digital story using multiple resources ===
One of the most important advantages of ICT is the possibility of creating resources in multiple formats - images being one of them. Images can be used standalone, or in a sequence as an animation, or in combination with text to create picture stories for communication. With increasing use of ICT, creating, editing and remixing image resources is becoming more and more prevalent. Availability of free and open source tools for creation and re-purposing of image resources can help the greater creation, re-purposing and publishing of image and animation OERs.
The estimated time for this section is 2 hours and it is intended that students would complete their readings prior to the class.
One of the most important advantages of ICT is the possibility of creating resources in multiple formats - images being one of them. Images can be used standalone, or in a sequence as an animation, or in combination with text to create picture stories for communication. With increasing use of ICT, creating, editing and remixing image resources is becoming more and more prevalent. Availability of free and open source tools for creation and re-purposing of image resources can help the greater creation, re-purposing and publishing of image and animation OER.
Digital stories can be of many kinds - creating a photo essay for documenting an event or a place, comic strips to tell a story, an audio recording for sharing understanding. The focus on all of these activities is to demonstrate possibilities of using digital stories to express understanding and learning without focusing exclusively on text based methods.
==== Understanding digital stories ====
The first step is in understanding the effectiveness of different kinds of communication. Take a given multimedia communication and discuss with the your fellow students and faculty, the overall message and the role and effectiveness of each of the pieces of the digital story in communicating the idea. For example, take a sample of resources - sequence story of pictures, an animation, a poster, an audio clip or a video - and compile a story.
Some of the key parameters for evaluating digital stories are listed below.
# What pictures/ images/ sounds/ videos have been captured? How are they important?
# How different media (audio, video, image) are different?
# Why has a video been used for a particular message or could it have been captured (better) by a photograph?
# How have text, images and audio/ video been combined?
# When to use what?
==== Making a digital story with images and text ====
===== 1. Telling a story with pictures =====
'''''Digital story with photographs'''''
This could be a photo / image essay which could be either be a documentation of an event or a set of images that can be tied to tell a story or an explanation of a process. These images can be created through taking photographs of actual events or taking photographs of hand drawn illustrations. The photographs can be stitched using a slide show.
'''''Making a story with digital art images'''''
In addition to taking photographs, images can be digitally created using paint/ drawing applications. Images can also be created using digital art creation tools like Tux Paint or MyPaint. Screenshots of a digital art creation or snapshots of a video are also methods of generating digital images. Such creations can be combined with photographs in a slideshow.
===== Pedagogical possibilities from picture essays =====
There are multiple pedagogical possibilities from picture stories. Picture stories can be used as ways for building communication and expression in students. The choice of what to photograph or illustrate will determine the effectiveness of the photo essay.
Another skill to be built here is the ability to tell stories using photo or image essays. Unlike text, images can give rise to multiple interpretations and hence, multiple stories. This can be used effectively in a classroom to create an inclusive environment for all students to participate.
By asking students to illustrate a given story or a song or a poem, it is possible to assess their comprehension. Students can also be encouraged to make collaborative stories from pictures shared in a classroom.
==== 2. Editing Images and Adding text ====
Once a picture story has been created, we may now find it useful to add text. For example, when we work for language lessons, we have to help create the story line using related pictures – related to a lesson/ idea/ author that we want to explore. It can be linked to the textbook chapter/ lesson; it need not be. Images can be added to text using a text editor or even a concept map; a concept map can also be presented with images and notes as a story.
There are different levels of combining text and images:
# Editing the image for size, format, scaling and cropping, inserting into a document.
# Editing images to improve image quality.
# Adding a caption to an image
# Inserting text into images.
# Adding descriptive texts and labels to an image; sequencing and telling a story.
Together, the images and text can tell a story. Examples will include a picture story book, a comic strip, or even a poster or brochure. This method of communication can be useful to combine art with other subject areas.
===== Pedagogical possibilities from picture stories =====
Picture stories can be effective in allowing students to express their understanding in text, based on their language ability. Pictures can support the narration. The teacher can assess how the students are able to tell a story and their coherence of expression for a given idea. Picture essays and picture stories can also help teachers determine students' levels of documenting and their practices of documenting knowledge (their sources of information, permissions, etc), their skills of combining text and non-textual methods for communicating.
===== Other examples of picture stories =====
# Create a process flow (science) diagram and label it. (Using draw tools, scan from hand drawn process charts and take a screenshot from an existing image of a diagram/ process chart.
# Even a Geogebra file is one such image / text story.
# Explaining an experiment using screenshots from simulations is an example.
==== Digital learning resources to be used for making picture stories ====
# [[Learn Image Viewer]]
# [[Learn Freeplane]]
# [[Learn LibreOffice Writer]]
# [[Learn LibreOffice Impress]]
# [[Learn Tux Paint]]
# [[Learn MyPaint]]
# [[Learn GIMP]]
==== Audio and video stories ====
While we may not be using this very often, even simple audio clips can be used to tell stories. Using sounds and narrations to tell stories as well as adding sounds to embellish a story are possible. Determining when to add an audio or a video is a function of the story telling ability. There are multiple ways of creating audio and video files:
# Audio recording using a voice recorder or mobile
# Video recording using a camera or a mobile
# Screen cast video recording of any application or process being done on the computer
# Using a voice recorder, narrate the explanation, description or commentary of the process or event to create an audio clip.
# Combining the audio clip with videos and/or images to create video stories
==== Pedagogical possibilities from audio visual stories ====
Audio visual methods can add to the effectiveness of a message. Look at this video below of a short video combining audio(song),video (dance and protests) and animations.
Like in the case of picture stories, deciding on a story line, and correct choice of image or other media will determine effectiveness. Audio visual stories allow for different forms of expression including narration and music to be added and allow for more possibilities for creating an inclusive environment in a classroom.
Other outcomes will depend on the specific objectives of the digital story, whether of supporting deeper understanding of community/social institutions (in case of social science), of nature and natural processes/events (in case of science) and of expression/production (in case of language). Elements of art and music can also be blended into the digital story by the students. The style of presentation and quality of the output can also give the teachers an indication of the student's engagement with the idea/ concept as well as their technical skills.
==== Inserting images in a text document (''LibreOffice Writer'') ====
==== Inserting images in a text document (''LibreOffice Writer'') ====
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==== '''Student activity time ( 2 hours)''' ====
==== '''Student activity time ( 2 hours)''' ====
Work on your text document and slide presentation. The text document can be a detailed and rich explanation for the topic you have chosen, while the slide presentation can be a crisp outline of the main points you want to communicate about. Insert, as relevant, images as well as hyper links to web pages, audio and video files on your computer, to make an interesting narrative on the topic. Read the documents multiple times, to review and refine. Request your colleagues to also read and review it and offer feedback. The 'review-revise' loop is an important and iterative one that makes for a good quality resource!
Work on your text document and slide presentation. The text document can be a detailed and rich explanation for the topic you have chosen, while the slide presentation can be a crisp outline of the main points you want to communicate about. Insert, as relevant, images as well as hyper links to web pages, audio and video files on your computer, to make an interesting narrative on the topic. Read the documents multiple times, to review and refine. Request your colleagues to also read and review it and offer feedback. The 'review-revise' loop is an important and iterative one that makes for a good quality resource!