Changes

|Information spreads  fast and wide¹. Much easier construction and much Wider possibilities – text, audio, video

|Information spreads  fast and wide¹. Much easier construction and much Wider possibilities – text, audio, video

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You will learn to use digital ICT for two purposes in the first year - 'connecting and learning' and 'creating (generic resources) and learning', in the two units respectively. Before 'connecting and learning' you need to have a basic familiarity with the ICT devices and tools.

==== '''Huge impact of ICT (digital ICT)''' ====

If you look around you, you can make a big list of things that have digital technologies involved in them! Starting from the computers in your lab, television, movies, videos and other materials for subject learning, mobile communication, Aadhar card, land records, bank accounts, pension accounts and so many more things, ICT have become integrated into society in many ways.

 

===== '''ICT can help connect and communicate''' =====

The internet, a product of digital ICT, has changed the way we think of communicating. Talking to a friend through whatsapp or telegram chats, emailing or making a video call are just some of the ways in which the internet has changed the way we communicate with others. With the internet, you can connect to any computer in the world and access information. You can join other friends, form groups to learn about many things. Internet is also allowing new methods of learning through online courses and resource repositories. Unit 1 will help you learn how you can use ICT to connect and learn.

 

You can use ICT to create information in different formats - maps, audio, video, text, numeric data. How we learn and what is to be learnt have changed. For example, we no longer need to learn about a cash withdrawal slip, we need to know how to use the ATM. In this program, you are listening to class talks to deepen your understanding on many issues, across subjects.  In Unit 2, you will learn how you can use ICT to create resources, organise these in your own personal digital library, and learn.

===Basic familiarity with ICT devices and operating system===

===Basic familiarity with ICT devices and operating system===

==== Accessing and adding various FOSS applications, basic troubleshooting ====

==== Accessing and adding various FOSS applications, basic troubleshooting ====

=== ICT for connecting ===

=== ICT for connecting ===

==== Navigating the Internet,  web browser for accessing the internet ====

==== Navigating the Internet,  web browser for accessing the internet ====

As you use the computers and Internet, the easy sharing of digital documents will seem quite powerful – instead of physically photo copying documents or re­creating models of a device, making digital copies of the document or photos of the device is simpler and also almost free. Hence it should seem obvious that digital modes of information production and sharing would make resources easy to access, covering all kinds of digital items including content and software. However, there have been very strong forces that have worked against such easy sharing.  

As you use the computers and Internet, the easy sharing of digital documents will seem quite powerful – instead of physically photo copying documents or re­creating models of a device, making digital copies of the document or photos of the device is simpler and also almost free. Hence it should seem obvious that digital modes of information production and sharing would make resources easy to access, covering all kinds of digital items including content and software. However, there have been very strong forces that have worked against such easy sharing.  

Paradoxically such sharing has been made difficult using technological methods as well as legal methods. Legal methods have been through releasing software or content using restrictive licenses, that forbid sharing or modifying. Technological methods have been to not release the source code (in case of software), which is required   for   making   modifications   and   by   using   techniques   that   prevent   'copy   paste'   processes.     Thus

Paradoxically such sharing has been made difficult using technological methods as well as legal methods. Legal methods have been through releasing software or content using restrictive licenses, that forbid sharing or modifying. Technological methods have been to not release the source code (in case of software), which is required   for   making   modifications   and   by   using   techniques   that   prevent   'copy   paste'   processes.     Thus 'proprietary' software which forbids sharing and customising is used by most ICT users.

 

'proprietary' software which forbids sharing and customising is used by most ICT users.  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

already doing this in the Karnataka Open Educational Resources (KOER) programme of DSERT, which you

One argument for restricting free sharing is that the creator needs to be compensated for producing the resource and instead of having the first buyer pay the entire amount of creation, seeking license fees from many users can reduce the costs to the first buyer and also increase the profitability for the creator. While this argument can have relevance in commercial transactions, in the case of education, where the free access to and sharing of learning resources is essential, using digital resources that do not have restrictive licensing would be required. Fortunately, in the case of software, there are free software communities that have developed software and released it on liberal conditions, that allow free sharing and modifying. Dr Richard Stallman, who was a professor at the Massachusets Institute of Technology, established the Free Software Foundation, whichworked to develop software applications and released them under a 'General Public License' (GPL), which allows the user four freedoms – to use, study, modify and share. The GPL also insists that any changes made to a free software should also be released on same terms.

too can join.

Similarly in the case of content or learning materials, the 'open educational resources' (OER) movement aims to support creation of digital materials that allow the four rights – right to re­use, re­vise, remix and re­distribute (called the 4 Rs). As teachers, you too can release materials you create as OER, so that other teachers can give feedback as well as revise/refine the same to make it better quality. (Karnataka teachers are already doing this in the Karnataka Open Educational Resources (KOER) programme of DSERT, which you too can join.

=== Ethical use of ICT ===

=== Ethical use of ICT ===