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===Introducing sounds and the associated symbols===
=====Objective=====
====Introducing script (which is an arbitrary artifact)====
====Introducing the connection between script and sound (which is a second arbitrary item)====
#[https://teacher-network.in/?q=node/199 script-recognition-Alphabets-lowercase-non-phonetic pronounciation]
#[https://teacher-network.in/?q=node/200 script-recognition-Alphabets-uppercase-][https://teacher-network.in/?q=node/199 non-phonetic pronounciation]
#[https://teacher-network.in/?q=node/198#overlay-context=node/198%3Fq%3Dnode/198 script-recognition-Alphabets-uppercase-phonetic]
#[https://teacher-network.in/?q=node/197 script-recognition-Alphabets-lowercase-phonetic]
====44 sounds of English language====
This is a teacher resource, to support teachers to hear the [https://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/44_sounds 44 sounds] in the English language (with associated words) to learn the correct pronunciations
====Combination of sounds and scripts====
Activity - Listening to the sound of the alphabet and seeing the writing of the alphabet, click [http://teacher-network.in/?q=node/176 here]
====Sensitizing the ear to the sound and shapes====
=====Audience=====
#Young children
#Any audience that will need the beginning literacy skills in English.
#Reinforcement for adults (useful for second language learning)
=====Resources=====
#Audio clips of the sounds in the language
#Interactive materials which will introduce the script and the sound
#For very young children, sensorial activities like writing in sand, tracing on sand etc of the letters
#Animations showing the formation of the script for each sound along with the recording of the sound
#Simple words,and commonly used words - audio of the words, images of the word (no focus on script) to register and build vocabulary
#Concrete items which are commonly used / accessed / seen
#Basic verbs
#Word categories - animals, plants, relationships - See a list in this spreadsheet
#Simple sentences
=====Unit 1 - Isolation and introduction to sounds=====
Activity - For the words already introduced, the teacher will introduce the sounds the mouth makes when saying the words. To begin with, restrict it to beginning sounds.
"What is the sound your mouth makes when you say book?". The students may be able to say "b"
Here the local language should not be used. While children can listen and speak multiple languages, reading multiple script symbols is not to be encouraged.
Again the pictures of the words can be projected and students can work in pairs/ groups to say the sounds.
The teacher can record these and play for the class; this can be a peer assessment activity also.
=====Unit 2 - Showing the connection between sounds and script=====
Self learning, learners can browse through the letters and hear the sounds and register
=====Activities / processes (assessment)=====
#Self assessment - Quiz oneself - identify and utter the sound on seeing the letter.
#Hearing the sound and writing the letter
=====Unit 3 - Minimal Pairs=====
As English is not a phonetic language, two words can sound similar even though they are spelt quite differently. This audio resource of [https://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Minimal_Pairs minimal pairs] elaborates examples of such words
=====Unit 4 - Developing audio resources=====
Audio resources are essential for language learning, as 'listening' is foundational of the four skills. Teachers can develop audio resources using the resources they already have - their phone/computer to record natural, animal and human sounds; edit audio tracks using Audacity a free and open source audio editor. Such editing can be simple enough to bring in background music
The teacher can work with students to develop resources that use/build on local cultural resources - stories/folklore, songs, sayings, etc. which can be translated into simple English equivalents. Such resources can provide a comfortable learning space for early language learning too. They can also be multilingual to provide a multilingual learning environment
[http://riesi.org/ RIESI] has been supporting participants in its [https://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/CELT_RIESI_Language_Workshop_July_2019 CELT] and PDGELT programs to develop audio resources.
